What is the foundation of wisdom?

• A. Knowledge
• B. Information
• C. Data
• D. Bytes

Answer: (A)

In the DIKW progression, wisdom comes from the thoughtful use of understanding gained through knowledge. Data are raw facts; information is data presented with meaning; knowledge is the organized, contextualized understanding that lets you interpret information and apply it in real situations; wisdom is the prudent application of that knowledge over time. Therefore, the foundation of wisdom is knowledge, because it provides the context, experience, and understanding you draw on to make wise decisions. Data and information are necessary steps to reach knowledge, but without knowledge you can’t make well-reasoned, prudent choices. Bytes are simply units of storage and don’t by themselves contribute to understanding.